Consumer Behaviour and the Buyer Decision Process
Consumer behaviour examines how individuals and households select, purchase, use, evaluate, and dispose of products, services, ideas, and experiences. Understanding behavior helps marketers design relevant value propositions and reduce barriers throughout the decision journey.
Learning Objectives
- Explain the stages of the consumer decision process.
- Evaluate psychological, social, cultural, and situational influences.
- Understand involvement and perceived risk.
- Apply behavioral insight to marketing decisions.
Buyer Decision Process
- Problem or need recognition
- Information search
- Evaluation of alternatives
- Purchase decision
- Consumption and usage
- Post-purchase evaluation
- Repeat purchase, advocacy, switching, or disposal
Psychological Influences
| Influence | Marketing Relevance |
|---|
| Motivation | Explains the goals and needs driving action |
| Perception | Shapes attention and interpretation of information |
| Learning | Develops habits, associations, and expectations |
| Memory | Affects brand recall and recognition |
| Attitudes | Influence evaluation and purchase intention |
Social and Cultural Influences
- Family and household roles
- Friends and reference groups
- Social class and lifestyle
- Culture and subculture
- Online communities, creators, ratings, and reviews